Great question Travis. I find longer time frames to be more beneficial because they condense what's happening on the chart and get rid of a lot of noise. When I'm daytrading I'll look at hourly and daily charts, going back 15 - 20 days (ie. a month) if necessary to find support and resistance zones. When I'm position trading I'll look at daily, weekly and monthly - they all have something to tell you. On the daily chart I'll go back at about 6 months and about 5 years on the weekly and 10 years on the monthly.
Hope that helps,
Erich